Remedial action designed to overcome discrimination against minorities and women is called what?

• A. Affirmative Action
• B. Equality of Opportunity
• C. Grand Jury
• D. Double Jeopardy

Answer: (A)

Affirmative action is a policy that uses proactive steps to remedy past discrimination by promoting the inclusion of minorities and women in education, employment, and contracting. It goes beyond simply offering equal opportunities by weighing race or sex as factors to help achieve a more diverse and representative outcome. For example, colleges might consider a broader set of qualifications and systemic diversity goals in admissions, and employers may implement outreach and targeted hiring to diversify the workforce. Equality of Opportunity means removing barriers so everyone has the same formal chance, but it does not involve actively favoring or prioritizing certain groups to correct past inequities. The other options—Grand Jury and Double Jeopardy—relate to criminal procedure and do not address remedies for discrimination.